The Lottery, By Shirley Jackson And An Adaptation Of ``...

â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and an adaptation of â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Peter Kuper are valuable short stories that are worth a close evaluation of. A comparison and contrast of the theme alienation in both stories would lead to a more thorough understanding of the messages behind the texts. The purpose of this essay is to answer the question on â€Å"what insights do we gain into the course theme of alienation when we read both â€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"The Metamorphosis† side by side?† Gregor Samsa in â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Peter Kuper and the townspeople in â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson are similar in that they both reveal a passive approach to alienation that ultimately leads to the growing of alienation; the alienation is different for Gregor and the townspeople in terms of how active they participate within their community determine their likelihood of being marginalized. Gregor’s minimal exp ression of his feelings towards his family alienates and marginalizes Gregor from his family. The townspeople’s active participation in the lottery, however, contributes to the severity of alienation within the town. These two stories attempt to tell us that alienation and the failure to take initiative to resist oppression are interconnected. This essay will compare Gregor Samsa and the townspeople’s passivity and also explore how taking on an active and inactive role in their story’s context would foster different types of alienation. In â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Peter Kuper, Gregor

A Quality Improvement Project Focused On Women s...

The article â€Å"A Quality Improvement Project Focused on Women’s Perceptions of Skin-to-Skin Contact after Cesarean Birth† was written by Judith Moran-Peters, Cheryl Zauderer, Susan Goldman, Jennifer Baierlein, and April Smith. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the implications of the unavailability of skin-to-skin contact following a cesarean birth and to identify perceptions of women who performed skin-to-skin contact after their second cesarean birth. The study also sought to compare cesarean birthing experiences, particularly in relation to the facilitation of breast-feeding, in which skin-to-skin contact was and was not present. The project was conducted at a 408-bed Magnet-designated community hospital in a suburb of New York City. In 2009, this hospital had 1,547 births with an overall cesarean birth rate of 42 percent. Of the total cesarean births, approximately 50% were repeat, elective (nonemergency) cesarean birth. A total of 3 20 mothers constituted the potential study population for this quality improvement project. The inclusion criteria used to obtain the sample consisted of English-speaking women ages 18 years or older who were having a repeat, elective (nonemergency) cesarean birth. Women whose newborns required admission to the NICU or a transfer out of the hospital were excluded from the study. The total study sample consisted of six mothers between the ages of 27 and 40 years. The participants of the study delivered

Global Business Strategy Ford Motor Company

Question: Discuss about the Global Business Strategyfor Ford Motor Company. Answer: Introduction In the contemporary society, multinational enterprises have recognized the importance of strategic leveraging on their operations. Therefore, business organizations have adopted strategies and policies focusing on ensuring that the companies attain sustainability. According to Pilkington (2012), one area that organizations have been using to foster strategic leveraging is through ensuring an efficient value chain. The paper gives a critical analysis of the value chain of Ford Motor Company and how it has initiated sustainability efforts. The Companys Value Chain Ford Motor Company is a multinational business that has experienced a continuous growth all over the years. Ford Motor Company is the fifth largest motor vehicle manufacturer in the global market. The automotive company has managed to compete favorably against other vehicle manufacturing companies such as Nissan, Renault, Suzuki as well as Chrysler Automobiles. The value chain that has ensured the success of the company includes: Product Planning and Design The first phase in the value chain in the company is product planning and design. In this stage, the company makes critical decisions on how the production process will occur. The firm ensures that there are necessary resources such as skilled employees and technology that can be used to produce various models of motor vehicles. For example, in 2011, Ford designed new brands including Ford Fiesta and Ford Fusion. The nature of the market plays a critical role during the product planning and design phase (Kaplan Norton, 2015). The company does an efficient planning that can result in the improvement of its operations. During the planning process, the company analyses the nature the competitors products and market share before designing high-quality vehicle brands and models. Extraction of Raw materials The next critical stage in the value chain of the company deals with the extraction of raw materials. The company has developed an effective relationship with suppliers of raw materials. The company also outsources raw materials thus creating job opportunities for other individuals. The raw materials are important in the assembling of the vehicle body parts in the companys plant. In 2012, the company started addressing issues of conflict minerals that were the raw materials for the company. This stage plays a critical role in the manufacture of the various models of automotive machines. The company follows the regulations and federal laws that control the extraction and use of raw materials. Assembling of Vehicles Another crucial part of the value chain is the actual manufacturing of the vehicles. The vehicle assembling takes place in the various divisions and subsidiaries all over the world. Through innovation, Ford Motor Company has been producing advanced designs of motor vehicles. In 2014, the company produced 6.3 million vehicles for the global market. The firm has therefore managed to dominate the global market through the production of a higher quality motor vehicle brands as compared to its competitors such as Chrysler Automobiles, Nissan and Renault Motor Company. During the assembling of vehicles, the health and safety of the workers play a major role. Communication Channel One important method that Ford Motor Company has used to initiate strategic leveraging is through adopting an efficient communication channel. The firm values communication, and therefore it has embraced a different communication in which the stakeholders are involved in critical decision making in the company (Currah, Wrigley 2014). For example, since 2005, the company has adopted an online communication forum in which the customers interact with the company. Through effective communication, the company has managed to expand into the global market. Logistics and Transportation Ford has adopted a sophisticated transportation and distribution channels that focus on achieving sustainability in its operations. The manufactured vehicles reach the suppliers who in turn sell them to the consumers. The logistics and transportation have also created job opportunities for several people around the world. After the raw materials reach the plant, the manufacturing process occurs after which the vehicles are transported to the suppliers and then to the market. Sales and Marketing Another critical stage in the Ford Company value chain is the sales and marketing. The firm has adopted measures with the aim of ensuring effective sales in the global market (Turnbull et, al, 2011). For example, in 2013, the company sold 6.33 million vehicles. According to Ford, (2016), the increasing number of sales has made the firm to compete against developing automotive industries in the world. The firm is almost surpassing General Motors regarding both annual sales and revenue generation. Consumption of Ford Products The firm has adopted measure aimed at producing high-quality vehicles brands. The tastes and preferences of the consumers play a crucial role during the manufacturing process. Moreover, the fuel consumption of the Ford vehicles is also sustainable. The consumers, therefore, do not spend a lot of money purchasing the vehicles. The firm has also recognized the importance of producing environmentally friendly vehicles. The emission of carbon iv oxide has been regulated therefore ensuring environmental conservation. The vehicles are affordable and easy to use as compared to other automotive manufacturing companies such as Suzuki. End of Use Measures Ford Motor Company has implemented measures and policies that have guided the management of waste products. After the vehicle usage, the company helps in dismantling process as well as initiating the waste management programs. The vehicle models can easily be recycled and reused. The measure also helps in preventing environmental pollution. In the recent years, the company has been planning on ways in which it can develop vehicles using non-biodegradable raw materials (Pettinger, 2014). According to the 2014 sustainability report, ninety-five percent of Ford vehicles can undergo recycling. The environmental bodies such as the United Nations Environmental Program have recognized the policies of the company that aims to create an enabling environment. Evaluation of the Companys Value Chain Ford Motor Company has adopted a comprehensive value chain that has given it a higher competitive advantage than other automotive companies. The employees, shareholders, customers, investors and the managers are all involved in making crucial decisions regarding the value chain. The measure has helped in propelling the automotive company to success. The firm has also undertaken effective communication in which the customers interact with the company. The value chain, therefore, has led to the improvement of operations as well as the achievement of goals and objectives in the company. Recommendations on the Value Chain There are several measures that Ford Motor Company can undertake to improve the value chain. For instance, the company should tailor the products towards the current needs and preferences of the customers. Emphasis should be put on the planning and designing phase so as to ensure that the company produces market-oriented motor vehicles. Moreover, the company should enhance the distribution phase so as to facilitate the efficient movement of finished products to the market. Conclusion In summary, Ford Motor Company has adopted measures that have created an enabling environment for strategic leveraging of its operations. Through implementing a viable value chain, the multinational firm has managed to achieve sustainability (Hall, 2013). The company has therefore enhanced its global operations through thus becoming one of the largest sellers of high-quality vehicle brands. References Currah, A. and Wrigley, N.,( 2014). Networks of organizational learning and adaptation in retail TNCs. Global Networks, 4(1), pp.1-23. Ford (2016). Our Value Chain and its impact. Sustainability Reports2013/14 Retrieved from: https://corporate.ford.com/microsites/sustainability-report-2013-14/blueprint-value.html Gulati, R., Huffman, S. and Neilson, G., (2012). The barista principle: Global Enterprises and the rise of relational capital. Strategy and Business, pp.58-69. Hall, R., (2013). A framework linking intangible resources and capabilities to sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic management journal, 14(8), pp.607-618. Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P.,( 2013). Transforming the balanced scorecard from performance measurement to strategic management: Part I. Accounting horizons, 15(1), pp.87-104. Pettinger, L., (2014). Brand culture and branded workers: Service work and aesthetic labor in fashion retail. Consumption Markets Culture, 7(2), pp.165-184. Pilkington, A. (2012). Manufacturing strategy regained: evidence for the demise of best-practice. California management review, 41(1), 31-42. Turnbull, P., Oliver, N., Wilkinson, B. (2011). Buyer?supplier relations in the UK?automotive industry: Strategic implications of the Japanese manufacturing model. Strategic Management Journal. 13(2), 159-168.

Kamikaze free essay sample

On a journey, Jack encounters a soap businessman Taylor, when he came home he found the apartment was blown up, so he call to Taylor, and was admitted to his house, the two became friends in order, they to start created Fight Club for find stimulation. One night, Taylor and Mara had a relationship, which makes Jack very jealous. Fight Club has become a national underground organization, all members of the Taylor regarded as the godfather. With the continuous expansion of the scale and the number of Fight Club, Taylor began to incite members to destroy the social. Jack is more and more unbearable for the status of the Fight Club and Taylor crazy look, so he decided to alienate Taylor. However, at same time, the Fight Club members launched a nationwide riots, they blew a lot of buildings When Jack tried to stop him, he shocked to find out: Taylor and he is the same person, and he desperately destruction plan. We will write a custom essay sample on Kamikaze or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mise-en-scene is a theater term that when applied to film refers to everything that is visible in the frame, including lighting, staging, props, and costumes. At the beginning, both two characters are in an office room, the lighting is lower key, many shadow are cast scene including color, over the characters, making it harder to see what they figure and what is happening. When Tyler pointed a gun into Jack’s mouth, we can’t know what is going to happen next and setting. The only properties we can see is a weapon of power, Gun. And people automatically assume that Jack was threatened with it is in some kind of trouble with criminal. Because people focus on this setting, there are no other properties would make people’s attention away from it. From what audience can see of the background at the beginning, they are in a building. Audience cannot see any objects such as chairs or tables those would show that they are in an office. But audience can see a wall in the background that showing audience they are inside. The light used are very dark, such as grey and black with some lighter blue. Telling audience that the location is unfriendly and set at night. From the window, audience can see many buildings, and the most building are dark, tell people it is work building or company building. So audience can know they are in empty work building. At the beginning audience never can see Tyler’s face at the centre of the movement screen, it is always litter to the right. This is significant because it tell people that this character might not be the main character and be mysterious.

6 Reasons You Should Invest in Proofreading

6 Reasons You Should Invest in Proofreading 6 Reasons You Should Invest in Proofreading I was walking down the street the other day, when a man with a mad look in his eye approached me, shouting incoherently. â€Å"YOU’RE ONE OF ‘EM HECKIN’ PROOFREADERS, AIN’T YOU?† he bellowed, showering me with spittle. â€Å"Why yes, sir, I am,† I replied, â€Å"How can I help you?† â€Å"I DON’T NEED YOUR HELP!† he screamed, his face inches from my own, â€Å"WHAT GOOD HAS PROOFREADING EVER DONE NO-ONE?† Sighing wearily at the double negative, I took the shouting man aside and bought him a cup of coffee. I then explained the following points: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Proofreading Can Boost Your Grades Many colleges award additional marks for good spelling and grammar (sometimes up to 10% of your overall grade). This can make a big difference over the academic year. More importantly, having your work proofread will make it easier to read, which can make your arguments clearer and more convincing. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Automatic Spellcheckers are Unreliable The automatic spellchecker on your word processor is useful for catching basic errors, but it’s limited when it comes to proper nouns, technical terms, acronyms, homonyms and sentence structure (all things with which a proofreader can help you). 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Tyranny of Deadlines Whether you’re at college or in the office, many of us have heavy workloads and deadlines to meet. Having a professional check your work will save you valuable time and effort, making sure that you never miss another deadline. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Word Limits Part of proofreading is making sure your written work is concise and free from repetition. This is very helpful if you struggle to stay within the word limit on your assignments! 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fresh, Expert Eyes Even the best writers struggle to proofread their own work, no matter their level of linguistic expertise. A professional proofreader, on the other hand, comes to your writing fresh, which makes it easier to spot small errors that might otherwise get missed. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mistakes in Promotional Material are Bad for Business Research has shown that poorly written promotional material can attract bad press and incur significant costs. For example, the publisher Penguin had to recall and destroy 7,000 copies of a cookbook that included a recipe demanding â€Å"salt and freshly ground black people† when it should have said â€Å"salt and freshly ground black pepper. Oops. That’s $20,000 dollars that could have been saved with good proofreading. Once we had finished our coffee, the previously furious man seemed much calmer. â€Å"Oh my,† he said, no longer expectorating, â€Å"I had no idea! My sincere apologies! From now on, I will always have my written work checked by a professional!† And with that he left, leaving me sat alone in the coffee shop, despairing over a misplaced apostrophe in the menu.

Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale Essays

Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale Essays Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale Essay Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale Essay According to the University of Oklahoma website, Dr. Grasmick has been publishing articles since 1974 and is still continuing his research on his theories on criminal deviance and its deterrents. The website indicates that â€Å"he is credited with creating the â€Å"Grasmick’s Low Self-Control Scale†, which is used to measure self-control in criminal deviants † Grasmicks scale is being employed in most studies and dissertations under the subject of Criminal Justice. John McMullen wrote a dissertation on the topic which is entitled â€Å"A Test of Self-control Theory Using General Patterns of Deviance. † He employed Grasmicks Low Self-Control Scale in his survey instruments to derive his results for the study. The scale measures six separate aspects of self control. The scale consists of 24 total items, divided evenly into â€Å"simple tasks, impulsivity, physical activities, risk seeking, self- centered, and temper sub-components. Respondents were asked to report whether they â€Å"strongly agree,† â€Å"agree,† â€Å"disagree,† or â€Å"strongly disagree† to each individual item. He described the concept of self- control in reference to Gottfredson and Hirschis General Theory of Crime, by stating that â€Å"Individuals who possess the low self-control trait are more likely to become involved in criminal, deviant, and accidental behaviors than those who possess high levels of self-control † (McMullen, 1999, p. 6). In terms of reliability, McMullen mentions that on the basis of empirical support and extensive testing, the scale was very suitable for use in his sample age group. : He also comments that: â€Å"the most convincing argument for using this scale comes from Piquero and Rosay (1998:170), who concluded that, â€Å"it appears the scale can be an acceptable scale in terms of tapping into the components alluded to by Gottfredson and Hirschi† (McMullen, 1999, p. 35). References McMullen, J. C. (1999). A Test of Self-control Theory Using General Patterns of Deviance. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University .

Kiosk Technology Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Kiosk Technology - Research Proposal Example Kiosk point-of-sale systems provide 24 x 7 availability to the customers where they can make transactions in an easy, user-friendly manner. The ease, with which transactions can be made, provides an important element towards an organization's ability to attract customers; as the customers look for user-friendly and always available systems that can take care of their needs. Kiosk promises to be the technological advancement that can take care of this need. In addition, kiosks provide customers with product information and interactive features that improves the overall image of the company in customers' minds. Kiosks are available in various types and for various purposes. Ranging from a simple cash register to a complex and integrated ATM (Automated Teller Machine), kiosks are believed to improve customer relationships, reduce headcounts for manual/ traditional operations, to take benefit of technology boom, to achieve accuracy and efficiency in operations and to improve customers' p erception about the company by providing various marketing and product/ services information on the kiosk terminals. This research will concentrate on evaluating the use of kiosks at var... Presenting Problem Any strategic investment in technology is made only if there are visible benefits and high expected returns from the investment. Kiosks have been used at POS sites with a hope to increase customer visits and their satisfaction levels that might ultimately lead to an increase in business revenue. However, there are no measurements and or performance evaluation mechanisms to find out the effectiveness of kiosks in adding to customer delight at the point of sale sites; and if at all there are some benefits to it. My research will help establish a relationship between kiosks and the POS systems to determine if kiosks add value to the overall productivity of POS sites and how can this value be measured, if at all. This can be used as part of feasibility analysis for strategic IT investment in kiosk technology by companies at their point of sale systems sites. Scope and Scale The scope of this research can not be restricted to few organizations or customers only. Since kiosks are being used by a variety of companies in a number of instances, it is wise to sample different sets of businesses and customers to develop a representative output for the entire universe of customers and businesses. The scope of this research includes surveys to be conducted with both customers who make use of kiosk technology and businesses that employ kiosk systems at the point of customer interaction. I will gather surveys from approximately 25 respondents belonging to various sites and areas, and then will attempt to compile the results. The number of surveys and interviews is only an estimate with an expected variation of ten percent for the number of respondents for the survey. Target The relationship between customer interaction with kiosk at POS systems and

E-Portfolio Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

E-Portfolio - Assignment Example di Arabia, in 1990 to a medium-sized family made up of my parents, me, three brothers, and one sister.   Throughout my childhood, I was taught the importance of hard work, honesty, and doing a good job.   My siblings all work good jobs, with two working as engineers and two working as professors of Chemistry. However I am the first in my family to leave the country in order to pursue higher education.   I believe this experience of leaving my country has made me a stronger person with a better understanding of the world and my chosen profession.   I had to struggle to learn English at first, although now I do well in it, and assimilating into the culture of another country was also a challenge which taught me a lot about myself and my own culture as well.   As an international student at Pennsylvania State University, I have been exposed to all sorts of courses and have gained a hands-on understanding with a number of topics related to petroleum and natural gas engineering.  Ã‚   If you visit my work samples page, you can see just a few of the best assignments that I have completed during my time here.   As well as courses I have taken, I have done an internship with oil combines in Saudi Arabia.   This experience gave me a good understanding of important industry practice, and has helped me to get skills that will let me be a better engineer.   After I graduate from university, I hope to work in the petroleum and natural gas industry in some way or another.   While I would like to be able to return to my native country and be near my family, I am also excited to explore the world around me.   My ideal job would let me use my knowledge of English and Arabic to share what I have learned at Pennsylvania State University about petroleum and natural gas engineering.   I would be especially interested in working in the oil industry as either a drilling engineer or production engineer.   For the moment, I am keeping my options open and look forward to seeing what

Gestational Diabetes Essay Example for Free

Gestational Diabetes Essay Gestational Diabetes is high blood sugar (diabetes) that starts or is first diagnosed during pregnancy. It is a condition in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy, especially during third trimester. There is still the question whether the condition is natural during pregnancy (Serlin Lash 2009). Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Pregnancy hormones can block insulin from doing its job. When this happens, glucose levels may increase in a pregnant women’s blood. You are at greater risk for gestational diabetes if you: are older than 25 when you are pregnant, have family history of diabetes, gave birth to a baby that weighed more than 9 pounds or had a birth defect, have high blood pressure, have too much amniotic fluid, have had an unexplained miscarriage or stillbirth, or were overweight before the pregnancy (Benjamin Pridijan 2010). Symptoms Usually there are no symptoms, or the symptoms are mild and not life threatening to the pregnant woman. The blood sugar (glucose) level usually returns to normal after delivery. Symptoms may include: blurred vision, fatigue, frequent infections, including those in the bladder, vagina, and skin, increased thirst, increased urination, nausea and vomiting, and weight loss despite increased appetite (Benjamin Pridijan 2010). Signs and Tests Gestational diabetes usually starts halfway through the pregnancy. All pregnant women should receive an oral glucose tolerance test between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy to screen for the condition. Women who have risk factors for gestational diabetes may have this test earlier in the pregnancy (Serlin Lash 2009). Once you are diagnosed with gestational diabetes, you can see how well you are doing by testing your glucose level at home. The most common way involves pricking your finger and putting a drop of blood on a machine that will give you a glucose reading (Serlin Lash 2009). Treatment The goals of treatment are to keep blood sugar (glucose) levels within normal limits during pregnancy, and to make sure that the growing baby is healthy (Cohen-Almagor R. 2000). Watching the baby The health care provider should closely check both mother and baby throughout the pregnancy. Fetal monitoring will check the size and health of the fetus. A nonstress test is a very simple, painless test for the mother and baby. A machine that hears and displays the baby’s heartbeat (electronic fetal monitor) is placed the the mother’s abdomen. The health care provider can compare the pattern of the baby’s heartbeat to movements and find out whether the baby is doing well (Cohen-Almagor R. 2000). Diet and Exercise The best way to improve the diet during pregnancy is by eating healthy foods. The expectant mother should talk to her doctor or dietitian if vegetarian or on a special diet. In general, when diagnosed with gestational diabetes the diet should be moderate in fat and protein, provide carbohydrates through foods that include fruits, vegetables, and complex carbohydrates such as bread, cereal, pasta, rice. Foods that contain a lot of sugar, such as soft drinks, fruit juices and pastries should be avoided. If managing the diet does not control blood sugar levels, then the physician may prescribe diabetes medicine by mouth or insulin therapy (American Diabetes Association 2008). Prognosis Most women with gestational diabetes are able to control their blood sugar and avoid harm to themselves or their baby. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes tend to have larger babies at birth. This can increase the chance of problems at the time of delivery, including: birth injury (trauma) because of the baby’s large size, delivery by c-section. The baby is more likely to have periods of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) during the first few days of life. Mothers with gestational diabetes have an increased risk for high blood pressure during pregnancy. There is a slightly increased risk of the baby dying when the mother has untreated gestational diabetes, controlling blood sugar levels reduces this risk (Serlin Lash 2009). High blood glucose levels often go back to normal after delivery. However, women with gestational diabetes should be watched closely after giving birth and at regular doctor’s appointments to screen for signs of diabetes. Many women with gestational diabetes develop diabetes within 5-10 years after delivery (Serlin Lash 2009). Prevention Beginning prenatal care early and having regular prenatal visits helps improve the health of expectant mother and her baby. Having prenatal screening at 24-28 weeks into the pregnancy will help detect gestational diabetes early. If overweight, decreasing BMI to a normal range before getting pregnant will decrease the risks of developing gestational diabetes (Benjamin Pridijan 2010).

The Pearl :: essays research papers

The Pearl, which takes place in La Paz, Mexico, begins with a description of the seemingly idyllic family life of Kino, his wife Juana and their infant son, Coyotito. Kino watches as Coyotito sleeps, but sees a scorpion crawl down the rope that holds the hanging box where Coyotito lies. Kino attempts to catch the scorpion, but Coyotito bumps the rope and the scorpion falls on him. Although Kino kills the scorpion, it still stings Coyotito. Juana and Kino, accompanied by their neighbors, go to see the local doctor, who refuses to treat Coyotito because Kino cannot pay. Kino and Juana leave the doctors and take Coyotito down near the sea, where Juana uses a seaweed poultice on Coyotito's shoulder, which is now swollen. Kino dives for oysters from his canoe, attempting to find pearls. He finds a very large oyster which, when Kino opens it, yields an immense pearl. Kino puts back his head and howls, causing the other pearl divers to look up and race toward Kino's canoe. The news that Kino has found an immense pearl travels fast through La Paz. The doctor who refused to treat Coyotito decides to visit Kino. Kino's neighbors begin to feel bitter toward him for his good fortune, but neither Kino nor Juana realize this feeling they have engendered. Juan Tomas, the brother of Kino, asks him what he will do with his money, and he envisions getting married to Juana in a church and dressing Coyotito in a yachting cap and sailor suit. He claims that he will send Coyotito to school and buy a rifle for himself. The local priest visits and tells Kino to remember to give thanks and to pray for guidance. The doctor also visits, and although Coyotito seems to be healing, the doctor insists that Coyotito still faces danger and treats him. Kino tells the doctor that he will pay him once he sells his pearl, and the doctor attempts to discern where the pearl is located (Kino has buried it in the corner of his hut). That night, a thief attempts to break into Kino's hut , but Kino drives him away. Juana tells Kino that the pearl will destroy them, but Kino insists that the pearl is their one chance and that tomorrow they will sell it. Kino's neighbors wonder what they would do if they had found the pearl, and suggest giving it as a present to the Pope, buying Masses for the souls of his family, and distributing it among the poor of La Paz.

Putnam Paper Essay

Introduction   Putnam’s recent work has mainly focused on bringing philosophy out of its case and back to the world of ordinary people and ordinary social problems. Pragmatic provides us with some ideas for finding the claim that there is no difference between what is real and what we experience as real. A pragmatic realist philosophy of religion is not reductionism and therefore acceptable for religious as well as non-religious philosophers of religion.   Ã‚  Majority of the pragmatists seek to find a middle way between metaphysical realism and relativism and between dogmatism and skepticism by using the pragmatic maxim, in order to establish the meaning of a conception we should consider what practical consequences might conceivably result from the truth of that conception. Belief in what is taken to be true is conceived as a guiding action, that is, it is a habit, a disposition to behave, and its opposite is disbelief and doubt. This doubt is normally caused by surprising phenomenon that is incompatible with one’s earlier accepted beliefs. We begin a process of inquiry whenever the doubt arises where we attempt to obtain a new equilibrium with our environment where our doubt is detached. This new equilibrium refers to new habits and revised beliefs. A glowing inquiry lead to stable view, that is only short-term, and will eventually be followed by new doubt.   Most of the pragmatics conceived an inquiry method as the way we think and have to think in all aspect of life. Cognitive experience is the result of inquiry. An inquiry process begins in a sensible difficulty, going on through the stage of conceptual elaboration of probable resolutions, and results in a concluding reconstruction of the experience into a new cohesive whole. This cohesive whole is not, a closed system.   With this view of a cohesive whole, pragmatists question knowledge as a sort of inactive recording of antecedent facts. They claim that, knowing is vied as a constructive conceptual action, anticipating, and guiding our alteration to future practical interactions with our environment. With that regard, we cannot therefore assign a complete status to the traditional ontological distinction between mind and body, means and end, or between fact and value. However, these differences should functionally and contextually be understood. Moreover, most pragmatists refute truth as correspondence of consideration to things in themselves, but ague that, truth is a subject of successful change of our ideas to challenging circumstances, a view which was supported by William James.   With regard to moral, aesthetic and the religious, there is a pragmatic interrelation between the truth and utility. These truth values are brought by their sensible function in our lives. The religious should have sensible penalty for their people who accept them. According to pragmatism, both religion and science have an explanation concerning who we are as human beings. Nonetheless, science deals with experimental and observational experience, while religion deals with the existential experience.   Putnam ague that objects in the world is always objects conceptualized by people. These objects vary depending on the theory at hand. This implies that what is say concerning the objects as true, presupposes a theory. However, this does not implies that what is say to be true concerning the objects is caused by the theory. Yet, there is no any reason to claim that truth consists with unconseptualized objects, because what people say about objects is based on theory, and so, it is appropriate to see truth as some kind of rational acceptability, perfect consistency with one another and with our experience. According to Putnam the truth can be defined in terms of evidence. This claim was severely question by Alvin Goldman by giving an example of a person who was falsely accused of a crime that was actually committed by somebody else who had already died. Several witnesses gave their evidence and eventually the person was accused without chance to defend his innocent. In such situation, if the definition of truth in terms of evidence is accepted, then automatically the accused person is saying to be guilty which in fact is converse to the truth that the person is not guilty. Goldman therefore, ague that truth can only be said to be exact if it can be defended.   This view does not mean that the truth is a correspondence between judgments and words or that the fact is independent of conceptualized. Putnam’s internalism is supported by the Murat Bac who ague that there is indeed sensible distinction between members of the community who are convince that there is no sense of truth other than what is agreed by them and another community members who believe that suggested truth is what is independent of their best evidence.   According to this argument, the former would accuse Goldman’s innocent man of being guilty while the latter would be more cautious on it. According to the internal realist, they is no description of the world, not even the most advanced scientific one, is the world’s or nature’s own. Ontology, truth and reference are internal to conceptual schemes serving different uses. The outcome of this conceptual view is that we live in a human world; and that there is no ready made world.   Putnam ague that , it is obstinately scientific and culturally dangerous to consider natural science as being more closely clued-up with the true structure of reality than other human language games.   Putnam often views truth as an epistemic concept contrasted to non-epistemic conception of truth proposed by associated theorists. He argued that we should, instead of succumbing to metaphysical or internal realism, accept a reasonable natural realism.   We cannot negate unintelligible statement of the metaphysical realist because their negation is likewise unintelligible as the original statement. According to Putnam, the metaphysical realist does not get to something which is a significant target and that our inability to describe the world entirely is no failure by any means, but is due to collapsing of the description into unintelligible if construed as the negation of such an idea. Truth cannot be just something language internal, but it is a representative relation between language users’ utterances and principally non-linguistic reality, although metaphysical effort to describe this relation as correspondence indeed lead to problem. Truth is the main element in a conceptual system that allows us to use terms such as statement, refers, belief, thought, etcetera. According to Putnam, world involving notions ensnare with our practical habit of act in the world where we live.   Putnam ague that the metaphysical or scientific realist’s try to find a privileged scientific position for describing the world   the way it is, independently of practice laden human perspectives, is a complete failure. His attacks on a tough kind of realism have resulted into more broad attacks on the reductionist, scientific dream of representing eventual reality in terms of scientific theories. Putnam has been interpreted as a relativist, but he has reminded his critics that he never consider the facts found in the world as dependent on how we use language in any common sense of the word dependent. Putnam view could be interpreted as an empirical realism in a Kantian sense, where the world would be constituted by our purpose oriented practices nearly in a way in which the empirical world is a human construction, but not being fictitious. There is a sense that the world and the truths relating to it are human constructions; however it is ever from a human perspective that we say whatever we say concerning the world we take to be real. It is only in particular contexts of philosophy confusion that, we are expected to justify our beliefs about objectives world’s facts. Moreover, we should all the same take our words as corresponding to how things are. Putnam critically evaluates the likelihood of philosophy to make the human lives better, where he borrows from Jame’s and Dewey’s meliorism. He argued that there is no ethical dichotomy between the facts and values which can be drawn. According to him all facts that can be found in our humanly structured world are value laden, and value are everywhere, they extend into each and every corner of our experience and thought. Here Putnam was very categorical in criticize skeptical and relativist theories of ethics, that see values as basically subjective and should be banished from the scientific world view. According to Putnam it is extremely wrong to believe that science as a privilege perception for describing the world that it may perhaps reduced values to something entirely factual.   We have to develop moral images of the world where metaphysical and ethical elements are a deep entangle. Putnam has tried to bring religious issues, characteristically marginalized in scientific oriented analytical philosophy, back to the centre of philosophy. He noted that scientific attacks on theism are based on misunderstandings. Later, Putnam arrives relatively close to Wittgensteinian mysticism, where it is not possible to communicate religious perceptive in a meaningful language. His religious idea is troubled by tensions; however this may be an indication of a profound religious thinker. Human being both are at the centre of theoretical and practical philosophy, this is not clearly separable. The metaphilosophical view as put by Putnam is very critical to make us understand our challenging existence in the world, and thus be able to make a difference on the way we live. Philosophy is a deeply human project which aim at a humanly world view rather than any impersonal unlimited conception. It gives us a clear look at our own situation.   Conclusion   In this work , I have critically discussed the Putnam perspective view of the world, and have argue that human being can only adopt internal perspective which attempt to explain clearly about who we are. Reality is always reality conceptualized by us, building on the experiences and existential ones describing the fact that science and religion have different role in our lives. This however, is not reductionism, but rather taking religious seriously as a human phenomenon. Our view on references, truth, the mind, values, religion, and other issues can be seen as fallible, self-critical attempts to discover what our best practice add to in these varied cases and what kind of philosophy pertinent commitments it makes. References Peter A. French et.al; (1997) ‘God and the Philosophers,’ in Religion, Midwest Studies in Philosophy 21, Minneapolis, pp. 175-187. Boolos, et.al; (1990) Meaning and Method: Essay in Honor of Hillary Putnam, Cambridge. Putnam, H., et.al; (1994) A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind, Oxford, Cambridge, Mass, pp. 507-513.

Djas

Successful adaptation to change Involves risk taking which means that the inevitability of unpredictable outcomes, both positive and negative leaves many individuals lost in fear and pain. While some find contentment in familiar family and friends, others find change confronting, causing feelings of fear and insecurity, while still others seek the thrill of exploration. In spite of these varying attitudes to change, change is a concept that is essential to the continuation of life. These varying concepts of change and Its Importance are represented through structural and language techniques.In the poem ‘Loch Arid Gorge' by John Fouler, a poem that refers to the thrill and dangers of naval exploration. The feature film ‘Rush' directed by Ron Howard, conveys the fear resulting from injury and the positive change that can come from suffering. Finally, the poem ‘Enter Without So Much as Knocking' by Bruce Dade tests the reader's own understanding of the negative effects of commercialism change on human life. Whilst the positive thrill of exploration and risk taking involves new worlds and perspectives, the negative aspects when disaster strikes well outweigh the positive effects.Such journeys may include other people such as the way that Australian poet John Fouler explores the notion of change via thrill of exploration, as well as the discovery of the past. Fouler creates a relationship between himself and the responder through the use of Inclusive language within the text. This Is conveyed In â€Å"We climb along a weathered cream precipice†¦ † The use of Inclusive language takes the responder on a dangerous journey along the cliff face with the author to the setting where the poem is taking place.The Journey Fouler shares with responders pens their eyes, revealing the tragic historical past and the violent events that had taken place along the Victorian coastline. With the realization of the shipwreck of the Lock Arid ‘a centu ry ago, the true strength and persistence of nature Is revealed as It simply goes on *clicking tufts of unconcern' Like the sheep and cattle', the unusual metaphor here together with the gravestones' that ‘hump the grass' reveal Just how much has changed physically at this tourist site since that terrible night.Moreover, nature's power to provide negative unpredictable outcomes reveals the risk of sea runners in the past. Change is perceived by the reader as both, positive and negative resulting in the responders Joining Fouler as he takes them on an exploration to discover the unfamiliar secrets of history. This idea of risk taking and unpredictable outcomes is also represented in the film ‘Rush' which involves the highly dangerous sport of Formula One in sass's. The protagonists cheat death and get thrill from it which is represented in the quote, â€Å"The closer you are to death, the more alive you feel.It's a wonderful way to live. † which describes risk taki ng with positive connotations. This is reinforced by the way the director capture the protagonists crash. The use of a long shot down the straight they are sitting on the straight watching the scene take place. The heavy rain droplets running down the screen emphasis the dangers and how heroic the drivers are. When the car flips many components from the vehicle fly off in every direction illustrating how dangerous the sport was, not only for the driver and the car but for the audience who are at risk of projectiles from crashing cars.This crash hanged the Fl culture forever, it encouraged drivers never to push racing to extreme limits where conditions are likely to result in great injury or death. Both of these texts demonstrate the thrill that some find in risk taking. However, this text also demonstrates the dangers in the exploration of new situations. Since change is unpredictable, individuals often experience pain and suffering which negatively affects their lives but also has the potential to encourage personal growth and understanding as they struggle to adapt.This is explored in ‘Rush' as Howard explores both change and the positive and negative thoughts of fear which arise from injury and suffering. Suffering forces individuals to take stock of their lives ,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ While in Hospital getting my lungs vacuumed I realized there was more than Just winning, I have a wife and want to live till a long age†¦. â€Å", the use of personal first person reflection and the black humor of' getting my lungs vacuumed' makes the character, Nikkei Laud, exaggerate his feelings towards the positive aspects of life and how much he values it.The use of the flashbacks to where Laud was in hospital unconnected to all the medical equipment show the true terror all bystanders experienced. A close up shot from the doctor pushing the vacuum down his throat as well as the strong sound of sludge being sucked from his lungs, turns the responder stomach to almost feeling the smallest of pain Laud experienced during his recovery. The director included the direct and confronting image in the film to express how the positive outcomes of change only become obvious after fear of injury and suffering. Enter without so much as knocking is a poem written by Bruce Dade in order to test he reader's opinion towards change and question the inevitability of change through the broad range of language techniques used. The parody of sass advertising slogans in the quote â€Å"†¦ Like every other well-equipped smoothly-run household, his included one economy size mum, one Anthony Squires-Cholesterol-summertime Dad†¦ † Enforces the influence of consumerism on society as it manipulates people to change without them being aware of it.This is seen through the use of caesura and tone to reinforce the thoughts of shallow commercialism and its strong influence on change. The overload of commercialism is perceived as topic but is only changing the world into a dyspepsia society as it large influences the actions and products of each and every individual. This tests the reader's thoughts of change and why they have changes. Throughout all three texts composers take their responders on a Journey to demonstrate their perspectives of change.In ‘Loch Arid Gorge' and ‘Rush' the composers express factual historical events. The composers take their responders on social, cultural and personal changes and the impact on human life. Those personae quire adaptation and often risk taking behavior in order to understand themselves better. By contrast, â€Å"Enter without so much of knocking reveals that change can be subtle as the persona is not aware of the changes until it is too late and he is faced with death.Intro: risk taking – different perspective unpredictable outcomes: positive and negative inevitability, no control expressed through engage and structural techniques ‘Loch Arid Gorge' by John Fouler: destr uction caused by nature ‘Rush' by Ron Howard: fear resulting from injury and the positive change that can come from offering ‘Enter Without So Much as Knocking by Bruce Dade: negative effects of commercialism on human life.

Environment Issues and the Industrial Revolution Essay Example

Environment Issues and the Industrial Revolution Essay Example Environment Issues and the Industrial Revolution Paper Environment Issues and the Industrial Revolution Paper There are three active environmentally impacts that affected the Industrial Revolution human growth population, invention of automobiles, and arbitration. In 1963, the human population globally increased, but number of human living on this Earth has grown 2/3 since 1 963, now it is topping at 6. 6 billion today. Everyone in this number share resources such as water and food. By 2050, the human populations are expected to exceed 9 billion. According to McCall, E. His population growth causes many environmental problems such as clearing 80% of rainforests, the loss of plants and wildlife species, and n increase in greenhouse gas emissions of some of the Earths surface land. Researchers are afraid that in the coming decades, half of the worlds population will be exposed to water scarce conditions, which are expected to build up difficulties in meeting consumption levels, and our gentle ecosystems will be devastated. Human population growth is tied in with bigger uses of natural and fabricated resources, energy, land for growing and living, and waste by-products, which are disposed of, to decompose, pollute or are recycled. In countries that are, less developed lack contraception led to wife population growth. The results from this increasing population in these countries, people suffer from malnourishment, lack of clean water, overcrowding, inadequate shelter, AIDS and other illness/diseases (Earth Talk n. D. ). While the populations numbers in the developed nations are evening out or fading today, the high levels of consumption make a massive drain on their resources. We as Americans, only represent 4% of the world population and consume 25% of all our resources. Countries that are industrialized contribute to climate change, ozone depletion, and overfeeding more than plopped countries. The invention of automobiles revolutionized travel in a positive manner. Never the less, this invention impact the environment by causing air pollution, greenhouse gases, ozone depletion, water quality, use of natural resources, and noise. In society today, many people use automobiles to get from point A to point B. With this involves combustion of a fossil fuel, a process that emits gases and affects the environment (King Media n. D. ). The U. S. Department of Transportation reported in December 1 970 that over 89. 9 billion vehicles travel our nation highways. However, by December 2011 that number increased to over 246. 3 trillion automobiles. With such a high incline, how do automobiles affect our environment and the ozone layer? Majority of the pollution throughout our nation is caused by automobiles. The ozone layer is there to protect life from the ultraviolet rays from the sun. These layers become depleted due to high concentrations of chlorine or bromine atoms and include chlorofluorocarbons, or Cuffs, haloes, methyl bromide, carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform (King Media n. D. ). Since the automobiles, emission gases contain few chlorine or bromine; therefore, they have little effect on depleting the ozone layers. However, the different gases and particles that automobiles emit affect our environment. Our vehicles contain different fluids such as motor oil, antifreeze, gasoline, refrigerants, and brake, transmission, hydraulic, and windshield-wiper fluids. There fluids can leak into our waterways and harm humans, animals, and fish. In addition, theses fluids pick up metals for wear and tear of the engine, which makes them more toxic to the environment. Arbitration had a significant impact on the Industrial Revolution, which took place from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century (Sexton n. D. ). Arbitration was the migration of individuals from rural areas to cities. Once these individuals settled into the cities, they were forced to adjust from self- sustaining life they had on farms to dependability lives in large cities. Along with their dependability lives, these individuals were confronted with dependence on services they had previously provided themselves. With the overwhelming growth in the cities, the government was faced with critical needs Of reorganizing their policies on sewage, travel infrastructure, and water supplies (Sexton n. D. ). Arbitration brought many changes to the bigger cities such as huge amounts of waste, which led to record high increase in the garbage that stays in landfills and pollutes the soil for many years. In addition, factories were producing more materials, which in return caused high levels of pollution from the release of toxic waste and affected the fish population in waterways. However, most people to big cities for the inform, better lifestyles, and opportunities. With the overlapping population growth and environmental problems, many Americans would like to see a change made in the U. S. Policies concerning family planning. According to Earth Talk, President Bush instituted what American call the Global Gag Rule, where the IIS is not funding other countries help with abortions. In 1969, the Quahogs River near Cleveland, Ohio was polluted with toxic chemicals and industrial waste and in return, the river was set a blazed. With this happening many Americans took this as the turning point to turn to the overspent and seek action on protecting the environment. While Lyndon b. Johnson was president, he signed nearly three hundred conservation and beautification measures, which laid the foundation for the future legislation. Then, in the sasss, President Nixon signed the National Environmental Policy Act and created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA started a new series of environmental laws that required businesses to reduce pollution such as Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and the Endangered Species Act. Since the environmental movement in the 1 sirs today America is a ore ecologically friendly place than what it was 30 years ago. Legislation, researchers, and new technologies have worked to reduce pollution, increase respectability, and protect endangered animals. Laws passed after 1 970: Noise Control Act of 1 972 SEC. 2 [42 U. S. C. 4901] intended for protecting human health and minimize noise to the public. Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 intended to ensure public drinking water meets safety standards. Clean Water Act help regulate pollution in our lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 1976 intended o govern the disposal of hazardous waste and solid waste. Toxic Substance Control Act 1976 intended to regulate the introduction of new or already existing chemicals. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 intended to establish limitations on liability for damages resulting from oil pollution and to establish a fund for the payment of compensation for damages and other purposes. Clean Air Act 1 990 Auto Emission Law 2004 this law was enacted by the state of California due to the pollution problems they were facing. Later other states followed suit. With all the new laws environment has improved. In certain states the environmental indicators has publicized the improvement in air and water quality since 1980. All this come about from business and industry has taken crucial steps to reduce the ozone and particle pollution. In addition, it is expected that additional reductions in motor vehicles will meet tough federal air quality standards.

Simple Random Samples From a Table of Random Numbers

Simple Random Samples From a Table of Random Numbers There are a variety of different types of sampling techniques. Of all statistical samples, the simple random sample is indeed the gold standard. In this article, we will see how to use a table of random digits to construct a simple random sample. A simple random sample is characterized by two properties, which we state below: Every individual in the population is equally likely to be chosen for the sampleEvery set of size n is equally likely of being chosen. Simple random samples are important for a number of reasons.  This type of sample guards against bias.  The use of a simple random sample also allows us to apply results from probability, such as the central limit theorem, to our sample. Simple random samples are so necessary that it is important to have a process to obtain such a sample.  We must have a reliable way to produce randomness. While computers will generate so-called  random numbers, these are actually pseudorandom. These pseudorandom numbers are not truly random because hiding in the background, a deterministic process was used to produce the pseudorandom number. Good tables of random digits are the result of random physical processes. The following example goes through a detailed sample calculation. By reading through this example we can see how to construct a simple random sample with the use of a table of random digits. Statement of Problem Suppose that we have a population of 86 college students and want to form a simple random sample of size eleven to survey about some issues on campus. We begin by assigning numbers to each of our students. Since there is a total of 86 students, and 86 is a two digit number, every individual in the population is assigned a two digit number beginning 01, 02, 03, . . . 83, 84, 85. Use of the Table We will use a table of random numbers to determine which of the 85 students should be chosen in our sample. We blindly start at any place in our table and write the random digits in groups of two. Beginning at the fifth digit of the first line we have: 23 44 92 72 75 19 82 88 29 39 81 82 88 The first eleven numbers that are in the range from 01 to 85 are selected from the list. The numbers below that are in bold print correspond to this: 23 44 92 72 75 19 82 88 29 39 81 82 88 At this point, there are a few things to note about this particular example of the process of selecting a simple random sample. The number 92 was omitted because this number is greater than the total number of students in our population. We omit the final two numbers in the list, 82 and 88. This is because we have already included these two numbers in our sample. We only have ten individuals in our sample. To obtain another subject it is necessary to continue to the next row of the table. This line begins: 29 39 81 82 86 04 The numbers 29, 39, 81 and 82 have already been included in our sample. So we see that the first two-digit number that fits in our range and does not repeat a number that has already been selected for the sample is 86. Conclusion of the Problem The final step is to contact students who have been identified with the following numbers: 23, 44, 72, 75, 19, 82, 88, 29, 39, 81, 86 A well-constructed survey can be administered to this group of students and the results tabulated.

Nteroperability in EHR implementations Analyze and communicate Article

Nteroperability in EHR implementations Analyze and communicate necessary data from EHR systems - Article Example However, their frequency and lack of necessity often incline to fatigue. Alert fatigue is a serious problem affecting health officers and physicians alike. Despite the safety precautions meant by these alerts, their frequency often results in the physician in question ignoring the alert all together (AHIMA 34). In such a case, the alerts are considered irrelevant and can often result in situations where even the important alerts are disregarded. According to recent studies, the ignore rate for these alerts ranges between eighty and ninety percent. This problem can be mitigated by reducing the number of alerts that pop up during a prescription. In most cases, prescribers are even unsure of why these alerts are generated in the first place. Thus, it would be vital to advice the relevant physicians and medical practitioners on the importance of these alerts (AHIMA 37). At the same time, alerts should be assigned in such a way that they only pop up to the appropriate practitioner to reduce fatigue. For instance, an alert meant for a physician should not appear in the screen when a pharmacist is describing drugs to a patient. This way, unnecessary alerts would be overridden, which would ultimately help in the reduction of alert fatigue. A request for proposal, commonly referred to as RFP, is a formal request that is often sent by a solicitor to a vendor. The RFP seeks to find out specific responses about the company, its products and its services that meet the requirements needed by the organization. Generally, an RFP includes a comprehensive summary of related costs for both software and hardware, and services for training, support, consulting and implementation (AHIMA 41). On the other hand, an RFI, which is a request for information, is used by an organization in an attempt at soliciting information about products and services being offers by the vendors (AHIMA 48). This is commonly considered as a

Ozone Depletion and the Ozone Hole Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Ozone Depletion and the Ozone Hole - Assignment Example this happens, is because as the sun moves across the sky, it moves through the atmosphere and this allows it to be absorbed or reflected as necessary. This will mean that the energy cannot reach the ground to warm it. Seasons are also marked with something called equinoxes and solstices. There is one in the summer an one in the winter. When people talk about the solstice it is a term that astronomers use to show which way that the Earth is tilting. When the north and south poles are tilted to the furthest point, either toward the sun or away from it, people call it the solstice. This also is the reason why there is a different between the daytime and night time hours. Every June 20 or 21 and every December 21 or 22, there will be a solstice; everyone knows this as the beginning of summer or winter (Page 2009). The equinoxes are when spring and fall begin. The spring equinox is called the vernal equinox and the fall one is called the autumnal equinox. These two tell us that the seasons are changing again. March 20 or 21 is the official Spring, and September 22 or 23 is the official fall (Page

Comrades 1917-1945 and Reds 1947-1953 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comrades 1917-1945 and Reds 1947-1953 - Essay Example The anticommunist forces started fighting the newly formed government as they were against the ideologies adopted by leaders in the country (Johnson, 2003). Though the anti communist forces failed to overthrow the newly formed government from power, the fight ensued for a long time as the anticommunist forces received support from both west and the other part of the world. Following the death of the communist government leader, Vladimir Lenin in 1924, Joseph Staling quickly rose to power to occupy the vacant position left by Lenin. After immediately taking control of the new government, staling came up with an extensive operation which came to be known as â€Å"Great Purge.† This operation was to strengthen the rule of the new communist government in Russia (Agostino, 2011). It mainly targeted anti communist fighters who were against the rule of the newly formed government. The operation saw many people in Russia getting arrested, and others sent to prison. In late 1920s, the world faced greatest economic downturn as a result of the great depression. This incidence led to increased support for the Soviet Union from the west. It was the same time Stalin had begun implementation of the first of the Soviet Union five year economic development plan. Majority of leaders in United States opted to ignore the reports of the widespread damage that came as a result of the new government of Russia policy of collectivization (Wiener, 2012). This made United State president support a new deal that could lead to a series of sweeping reforms. In his attempt to appease Russia leaders, the United State president went ahead and publicly announced recognition of Soviet Union by American government. As European leaders went on to appease Hitler, Germany was busy preparing for war. This made Stalin sign a non aggression pact with Berlin with an aim of buying more

Learning Team A Reflection Essay Example for Free

Learning Team A Reflection Essay Throughout this course, we established a foundation in understanding Business Information Systems. This week’s objectives were to describe how wireless technologies are used in the workplace and how to use spreadsheets in business situations. While some members of Team A were well versed in Microsoft tools, others had their first lesson on Microsoft’s Excel and Access fundamentals. Team A’s members range from a project manager who attained their Associate Degree in Computer Programming, a logistics specialists for Amazon. com, a employee in the Hilton Hotel industry, and a wine educator working in hospitality—all very different fields with varying levels of information systems background. While for some it was a review, Team A can all agree that each and every one of us gained a better understanding on how and why information systems accomplish business objectives. Cheryl knew the degree in which wireless technologies kept users plugged into the World Wide Web. She was aware that smartphones and their many accessories allowed users to access their emails, schedules, mobile banking and participate in e-commerce as well as make online payments—she learned that M-commerce another growing trend. Due to telemedicine, modern technology has allowed the medical world to provide assistance via videoconferencing. In addition, she learned that setting up and using access points to create meshed networks called a Wide Area Network (WAN) (Rainer Cegielski, 2011). Xavier learned the relevance of wireless technology in everyday life. More specifically, he learned of the different functions of varying satellite types to communicate information. Kelly learned about the two basic operations of data mining. According to Rainer and Cegielski (2011), data mining functions in  Ã¢â‚¬Å"predicting trends and behaviors and identifying previously unknown patterns† (chap. 11). Angeliza discovered that Wi-Fi was abbreviated for Wireless Fidelity as well as the synchronization of using Microsoft Excel with Access. With the objectives of Week 3 in mind, Team A members have found varying ways in which we can apply what we have learned in the classroom into our professional or personal lives. As a project manager, Cheryl can utilize Excel to track cost of goods (COGS) inventory. As a logistic specialist, Xavier can use spreadsheets in generating employee lists and creating reports to reflect the volume of freight used on a daily basis. As a team member in hospitality, Kelly can use data mining to track hotel guests’ sign up and preferences. In customer service, Angeliza can use the point of sale system to analyze the day’s sales and returns (Rainer Cegielski, 2011). The learning activities and readings have left each member of Team A with a little more knowledge than we had previously. Cheryl knows that Microsoft Excel and Access are a perfect duo: Excel creates the tables that can be exported to Access where the data is analyzed. Xavier learned how to more effectively incorporate spreadsheet into his daily work routine. Kelly understands the role of wireless information systems in the creation of invoices for clients and making it easier to calculate daily cash sales. Angeliza learned that she doesn’t need to be an IT specialist to analyze data from Excel with Access. Despite our different backgrounds, Team A members can agree that we all gained a better understanding on how Information Systems plays into effectively and more efficiently completely business goals. Week 3’s lesson on spreadsheets and wireless technologies makes us more proficient in the language of information systems in the workplace and in our daily lives. Reference Rainer, R. K., Cegielski, C. G. (2011). Introduction to Information Systems (3rd ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database

money or your life :: essays research papers

A thought popped in my head as I was half way through the readings for this assignment and I wanted to share it with you. This is my last class until I graduate. I was supposed to take this course last semester and I waited because I had a lot going on in my life the past few months. This class is so much more beneficial to me now because I am in the â€Å"real world† and have been in it for awhile now. If I was to take this class while I was still going to college I really wouldn’t have gotten as much out of it. I think things happen for a reason and I am glad I’m taking this class now. With that said; I will get on to the readings†¦ In chapter 4 of â€Å"Your Money or Your Life† the whole concept of how much is enough is very interesting to me. The idea is finding fulfillment. In order to find fulfillment you need to find what you are looking for out of life. What are your dreams, what is your purpose in life? I have always had many dreams throughout my life. I also know that there is a purpose for me to be here on earth. Yet I still don’t know what exactly I want to do career wise. I am still looking for that exact purpose for me to be here. I strongly feel that you find this with experience. You need to get out there and experiment, absorb all the knowledge you get from others and your experiences. On page 121 the author discusses purpose. I know that I have a purpose in living. The author says that one way to find your purpose is answering the question, â€Å"Why are you doing what you’re doing?† I may be a little confused to make my decisions but there is always a purpose if I dig deep enough. There is always a meaning for my actions. I have not found that specific career that is a passionate commitment to me yet. I am determined to discover this mission in life. The steps the book gave on finding your mission I found it to be motivating and very helpful. The first one, work with your passion my mother has taught me throughout life. Do what you love to do and you will lead the happiest life possible.

Globalization of North America, South America and the Caribbean Essay

Globalization is the result of a development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free trade, free flow of capital, and the tapping of cheaper foreign labor markets (http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/globalization). Not everyone is a proponent of globalization. This is especially true for North America. Although the textbook says North Americans have become a highly affluent society by means of transforming the environment and by extending their global, economic, cultural and political reach, the fact remains, that many citizens of North America are not wealth by any stretch of the imagination. The same can also be said about Latin America. The affluence has spread so unevenly, particularly in the United States, that many of the previously middle class have lost their homes and many are now living in tent cities. Recent college graduates are finding it very difficult to obtain employment in their chosen field. Many people have been unemployed long enough that their unemployment benefits have run out. These people are considered to be not actively seeking employment – this is hardly a fair opinion to form. Much of this can be accounted to work being outsourced, mainly to places like Mexico, or even as far as India. â€Å"Multinational corporations are often accused of social injustice, unfair working conditions (including slave labor wages and poor living and working conditions), as well as a lack of concern for the environment, mismanagement of natural resources, and ecological damage. † http://www. manufacturing. net/articles/2010/06/the-pros-and-cons-of-globalization. However, there are some benefits of globalization. Some people argue that money is now able to flow freely across boundaries that were once limited. An article found in Forbes Magazine explained how Sony could sell a Playstation game console or TV just as easily in the United States as Tokyo. The same goes for Apple with its iPhones and other tech toys. (http://www. forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2011/09/10/the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-side-of-globalization/). The textbook points out how uneven development is in Latin America. Frustrated workers, whether highly skilled or low skilled look to emigration as their only hope. Migrants frequently relocate to the United States, Europe and Japan looking for work. Remittances are sent back to their native countries, which results in billions of dollars annually directed to Latin America.

Equal Opportunity in Early Childhood Essay

Children should be treated and respected as individuals in their own rights. Like any individual, children have rights to shelter, food and education. They too should be treated fairly and equally. Many a times, we have failed to recognise these needs and as adults, we think we know best for the child. If we are able to recognise these rights, it will greatly assist in a child’s development both emotionally and spiritually. According to Bruce and Meggit (2002), â€Å"equality of opportunity means opening up access for every child and family to full participation in early childhood services. There can be no quality in early childhood services unless there is equality of opportunity†. Children should not be denied of their rights based on their race, nationality, gender or abilities, boys and girls should not be treated differently. Also, equal opportunities can be defined in general as not discriminating a person by his or her race, gender, family orientation or whether they belonged to the minority in the society. I truly agree with this statement and advocates for equal opportunity to be practiced in every way. It is now the 21st century but can we safely say that children in this world are treated equally? Some parents tend to treat their children differently if they are a boy, especially in the Eastern culture; succession is through boys instead of girls. Several parents have stereotyped the colours that their children should wear, boys should be in blue and gals should be in pink. Stereotyping basically means unduly fixed mental impression (Oxford, p. 546). Society too, plays a role in influencing the parents when it comes to bringing up their children in this part of the world and to a certain extent the children’s interest will be sacrificed. Children are expected to excel academically and those who do not will be branded as slow and they will be frowned upon by the society due to the competitive environment. Parents are ? pressured’ to have an academically sound child and as a result, children will feel ? inferior’ if they are unable to excel academically and this would hinder their fitting into the society in the future. In order to uphold the rights of the children in the world, UNICEF introduced the â€Å"Convention on the Rights of the Child† which was adopted by Unite Nations General Assembly on the 20th November 1989. (http://www. unicef. org/malaysia/UNICEF_FS_-_Understanding_the_ CRC. pdf). There are four principles that the Convention rests on and they are; non discrimination, best interests of the child, the child’s right to life, survival and development and respect for the views of the child . (http://www. unicef. org/malaysia/UNICEF_FS_-_Understanding_the_ CRC. pdf ). The main idea of having this convention is to recognize that children should be treated fairly as human beings and they should be brought up in a safe and conducive environment in order for them to realize their full potential in life. Malaysia signed the convention in March 1995 and being a multi cultural country that also advocates for human rights has made many changes to its legislation to adopt the convention especially in the area of education and healthcare. However, a question that many Malaysians will ask today; are the changes sufficient to provide the children in Malaysia equal rights? Here, let us look into the two major areas to analyse the impact of the convention on Malaysia’s legislation concerning children. According to article 28 of the CRC, â€Å"The child has a right to education, ? † (CRC, p. 19). Malaysia however has reservation on seven articles and article 28 is amongst them. The preschool education is Malaysia is under the responsibility of a few government departments and social agencies such as the Ministry of Health, Ministry of National Unity and Social Development, Ministry of Rural Development and also several states departments (http://porta;. unesco. org/education/en/ev. php-URL_ID=46167&URL _DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201. html) Under the Child Care Centre Act 1985, there are 2 categories of childcare centre, one being a home based childcare centre which takes in less than 10 children. The other being an institution based centre which caters for 10 or more children (The Star, 24th March, 1996). The curriculum guidelines of pre-schools are guided by the Ministry of Education and it has to provide a holistic development of the child being in social skills, intellectual skills, physical skills and spiritual skills (www. unesco. org/wef/countryreports /malaysia/Rapport_1. html) which is in accordance to article 29 of the CRC (CRC, p. 21) Due to the increasing awareness of the importance of early childhood education and also the increase in women joining the workforce, many private childcare centres have sprung up especially in the urban areas. These centres are mostly run by the private sectors that cater to mostly working parents from the middle to high income families and they charge a fee for their services. For the poor or rural areas children, the pre school programs are run by the government agencies and to a certain extent Non Government Organizations (NGOs). (http://unescodoc. unesco. org/images/0012/001279/127984e. pdf). The next area that Malaysia made changes to embrace the principles in the Convention is the healthcare policy. Child mortality in Malaysia has decreased significantly due to the effective healthcare programs that the government has implemented since the First Malaysia Plan 1996 (http://www. unicef. org/malaysia/ /children_4162. html). The most widely available health care service in Malaysia is public hospitals and for the rural community, there are over 1600 community health clinics (http://www. childpolicyintl. org/countries/Malaysia. html). Generally, children in Malaysia are provided with very comprehensive health services from vaccination to clean water supply and also sanitation. The government has taken steps to promote health programs to children in the rural areas integrating the promotion of health in its rural development strategies and programs. This is in accordance to Article 24 of the CRC where it states â€Å"The child has the right to the highest standard of health and medical care attainable†. Although Malaysia has taken various measures to improve its education system to embrace the CRC, sad to say that there are still children in Malaysia who are deprived of the right to education. This is especially apparent in vulnerable groups like children from the indigenous populations and also children in the rural areas. The indigenous children in Sabah and Sarawak have very little access to education and the curriculum in government schools do not cater to them culturally. Also, Malaysia has lifted its reservation on Article 22 which guarantees the child’s rights seeking refugees’ status in 1995 but until today, there have not been changes when it comes to undocumented children (New Sunday Times, June 25th 2006). Undocumented children basically mean children who are born in Malaysia to migrant parents. Children in this category are deprived of education due to fact that they are not even recognized as Malaysian citizen. Although children in Malaysia are rather well taken care of in terms of healthcare services, there are still children who do not have access to their basic needs like healthcare. These are children born to poor parents, sex workers, alcoholics and sex workers. (New Straits Times, p. 19). Also, with the increase in HIV/AIDS cases in Malaysia and many children and women from the rural areas are still complacent of this disease. A child’s formative years are extremely important as it will affect their growth in the later years. If Malaysia sees the significance of its younger generation, the government should seriously look into its commitment to uphold the Convention guidelines Firstly, awareness amongst the community is extremely important if Malaysia seeks to promote equal opportunity in the early childcare settings. Government should take steps to promote awareness amongst the people in order to change their attitudes towards children and this can be done by including the CRC as part of the school curriculum (The Star, p. N47). Secondly, early childhood education should be made compulsory to all children in urban or rural areas and available to all children in regardless of their background as every child has the right to education. Curriculum for children below the age of four should also address the current issues like AID/HIV and sex education. Materials and books used in the early childhood education should contain pictures of the different ethnic group in Malaysia. Activities organized by the childcare centre should be diversified as this would promote respect of various cultures amongst the children. More importantly, the curriculum should be sensitive to children from various cultural backgrounds especially the indigenous group. After all, Malaysia takes pride in its diversity of culture. Teachers in the early childcare sector should be trained in gender studies and also human rights (http://www. europeanchildrensnetwork. org/resources/infoDetail. asp? ID =12592). As childcare practitioner, the attitude of the person is utmost important in making sure that children under their care is not being discriminated. They have to be fully aware of the child’s rights in order for the child to grow up in a positive environment as it is damaging for the child’ development. A child’s potential to learn and develop their full potential should not be limited by prejudice (http://ferl. qia. org. uk/content_files/resources/organisations/caderdale_ council/sharon_chapman/equalops/prejandisc. htm).

Latest Personal Statement Writing Tips

Latest Personal Statement Writing Tips Writing a personal statement is a very responsible task, since your future education depends on how well you write it. Generally speaking, writing skills are important for every person who wants to become a successful professional in whatever occupation. A person who writes well is considered to be well-educated and intelligent. So, you need to pay attention both to how and what you write. That is a key to being successful at personal statement writing. All right, you have chosen an educational institution you would like to study at. Before you write a personal statement, you had better learn all the possible information about it. This will help you understand the main values of that institution and check whether they correspond to yours. Knowing such facts will be of great help while writing a personal statement because you will know what kid of people and what kind of educational institution you have to deal with. Think of what is worth mentioning and what is not. Dont write facts that have nothing to do with your accomplishments, further education, or personal traits of character. Keep in mind, that you are not the only one who applies, so stop and think what makes you special. Dont try neither to show off, nor to be too modest. Make your tone neutral, be sincere, this will make your personal statement more sincere. Make a list of your virtues and sort out the ones that are relevant in this particular situation, i.e. the ones needed to be a good student. These merits are necessary in order to achieve your goals. So, try to think what you want to achieve as a student, but do not overestimate your abilities. Be realistic. In addition, try to write it all in a compelling manner, so that the ones who read it are not bored. Somehow you need to make your personal order be unique, stand out, but at the same time you shouldnt go too far. Students dont get to write personal statements very often. For that reason it seems to be a rather unusual, thus challenging task. Writing about yourself is not so easy because you have to look at your traits of character, merits, aims from other persons perspective. If you struggle to write a good personal statement, but it is just over your head, or you want to make sure it is written well, you can always contact our academic writing service in order to get expert help. The writers we employ have experience in writing a great variety of tasks, and a personal statement is not an exception. You just need to provide us with information about you, and we will do our best to write a personal statement that is compelling and original. Visit the following page to get professional personal statement help from experts at CustomWritings.com!

From Intern To Employee in 5 Steps

From Intern To Employee in 5 Steps Krystal Seecharan over at TalentEgg has some tips to get you off of the intern bench onto the full-time employee roster! Follow these 5 simple suggestions and let us know how it turns out! 1. Fake it until you make itIt’s normal to feel nervous or unsure about how to work yourself into an unfamiliar office culture. Start off simple and read any company guidelines you’re given ahead of time. Introduce yourself when appropriate, remember names, be polite, and smile when you pass people in the hallways. Maintain a professional and polished image and show your officemates you take this job seriously.2. NetworkA caveat to this suggestion is don’t be obnoxious. Don’t send your entire department a LinkedIn request on your second day in the office, don’t Facebook friend your boss and invite them to send you Candy Crush credits. But, be social enough that everyone knows who you are.Ask your supervisor if there are any other departments you can help out, if y ou’re curious about what they do. You’ll finish your internship with extra experience and bonus contacts at your company (these can come in really handy if your boss moves on. The last day of my publishing internship, my terrific supervisor left for a different publisher! Luckily I’d worked on a few outside projects and presented at some large group meetings so I was able to get an interview there after I graduated).3. Be open to constructive criticismThe way you signal your bosses that you’re mature enough for honest feedback is often by asking for it. Ask questions when you’re unsure or didn’t understand an instruction, and ask for an evaluation midway through your time as an intern. If they offer you some suggestions for improvement, don’t get defensive- be appreciative, and take it to heart. They’re doing you a favor even when they’re telling you something that’s hard to hear.4. Go beyond your job duties/requi rementsBring creativity and enthusiasm to work with you every day. Volunteer for extra projects and don’t shy away from seeing them all the way through. Odds are you will have to get coffee at some point, but do it with a smile and remember cream and sugar preferences.5. End on a high noteIf your internship program doesn’t already have a project or presentation structure in place, consider asking your boss if there’s something you could work on independently, like a mock proposal or business plan. It’ll leave a lasting impression and let you show off everything you’ve learned over the course of your time with the company. Be sure you send thank you notes to everyone you worked with, send out gracious LinkedIn requests, and never ever burn a bridge.Even if you don’t get hired on, you’ll have learned some valuable lessons about staying motivated and focused during the day-to-day routines of a workplace!

The Picture of Dorian Gray Book Review

'The Picture of Dorian Gray' Book Review Oscar Wildes  only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) is a classic instance of the aestheticism of the late 19th centurys  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹English literature. The maxim of aestheticism art for arts sake is reflected in the opening of the novel, which specifies arts aim to reveal the art and conceal the artist. For greater emphasis, Wilde defines the artist as free of ethical sympathies and morbidity. Even books are seen as only well written or badly written and not as moral or amoral. Following this prelude on art and beauty, Wilde weaves a  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹plot that explores the issue to its core. The plot of The Picture of Dorian Gray, if seen apart from the wit and epigrams of Lord Henry is serious and, at times, even somber. Dorian Gray is a young and handsome man whose well-off friend Lord Henry takes him to an art-loving painter, Basil Hallward. The painter makes a picture of Dorian Gray, a fascinating piece that makes Dorian wish to stop aging. His wish is fulfilled and the picture starts aging instead of young Dorian. The consequence is a disaster. Oscar Wilde has created an amusing tale that does not end very happily but ends beautifully with our easy-going Lord Henry still chirping. Style and Setting Anyone who has read dramatic fiction (Oscar Wilde in particular) will not find it hard to see the style of the storys narrative as closer to drama than a novel. Wilde is not obsessed with describing settings in detail as a novelist with a constructive bent would be. But the brevity of description is masterfully covered in the warm and witty conversations that fill most of the novel. The epigrams of Lord Henry shoot arrows of gentle satire on different elements of society. Women, America, faithfulness, stupidity, marriage, romance, humanity, and weather are just some of the numerous targets of Wildes criticism, which the readers receive from the sharp but sweet tongue of Lord Henry. The twittering lord is thus made an indelible  character for his ease of expression and his envied indifference. Yet, the author does not rely solely on spoken words to impart his impression. He describes some scenes in words that evoke a vivid image in the readers mind. Perhaps the best of these is Dorian Grays brief journey through the dark and filthy streets that stand in an obtrusive contrast to his luxurious entourage but which also bear a remarkable resemblance to the kind of life he has embraced. Characters in The Picture of Dorian Gray Like his stories and plays, Oscar Wilde does not employ many characters to run the story of his novel. Nearly the entire plot is nucleated around Dorian, Lord Henry, and the artist Basil. Minor characters like the Duchess of Harley serve the purpose of initiating or furthering topics that would ultimately be the butt of Lord Henrys repartees. The character description and motivation are again left mainly to the perceptual capacity of the readers. Wilde is always testing the aesthetics of his readers and the easier you go with his characters disposition, the greater insight you gain. Self-Love and the Vulnerability of Beauty The Picture of Dorian Gray addresses more than one theme. The primary appeal of the subject of beauty, as it appears to eyes, is the main focus of the novel. Wilde reveals the tenderness of self-love, or narcissism, which sometimes fails to find an object outside itself. Dorians beauty, unlike Basils art and Lord Henrys social status, is more vulnerable to decay with time. But it is not this weakness of beauty to age that brings the disaster upon our protagonist. It is the consciousness of the owner of beauty to his own wealth that triggers the boundless fear of perishingfear that causes his doom. Unlike Lord Henrys ease about his rank, Dorians angst about the ephemeral nature of his beauty is shown as the true enemy of a persons self. The philosophical boundaries of Oscar Wildes The Picture of Dorian Gray are too deep to track to their ends. The novel addresses the issue of self-concept as portrayed in art. Further, it connects a persons emotional response to his/her own image. While Dorian remains young and beautiful, the mere sight of an aging picture of him is unbearably painful. It would be too presumptuous to conclude that The Picture of Dorian Gray is a work of beauty with no moralistic purpose. Wilde was not a moralist (as many of us already know) and within the book, there is not much to emphasize a moral code or right conduct. But the novel, in its covert meaning, is not without a moral lesson. We can easily see that beauty is ephemeral and any attempt to deny this fact is amoral. It brings ruin as shows the case of Dorian Gray.

Introduction to business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to business - Essay Example Deeply Responsible Company Contributing positively to our communities and environment is so important to Starbucks that it’s one of the six guiding principles of our mission statement† (Starbucks Home Page 2008). In order to respond to social responsibility issues, star bucks make them as a core of its business strategies. Talking about its product, Starbucks underlines: â€Å"We’re passionate about ethically sourcing the finest coffee beans, roasting them with great care, and improving the lives of people who grow them. We care deeply about all of this; our work is never done† (Starbucks Home Page 2008). This statement shows that as a well-managed company of today, Starbucks will make every effort to meet its obligations to society (Moon and Quelch 2002). To help them with this, some companies have written objectives and policies in this area. In spite of this, social objectives and goals exist in an area that is not always easy to assess and objectively appraise. Just because it is not easy is no excuse for not trying to do something constructive about it (Beauchamp and Bowie 2003). To gain some semblance of control in this area and to make certain that social objectives are actually being met, more companies have started using a social audit to measure, monitor, and evaluate the contributions that the company is making to society. As helpful as an information and social responsibility status report might be to both the company and the stockholders, care must be taken in generating this data and the resulting report. The company must determine the best medium for disclosing the information to the public. The disclosure medium, whether a specific section of an annual report or a separate document, must be devoted to social responsibility activities in order to show in a meaningful and effective manner the interrelationship of company resources and company commitments (Carroll and Gannon 1997). In order to meet social responsibility principles, Starbucks

Case Study on Wal Mart Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

On Wal Mart - Case Study Example There is the Executive Wing, that is headed by Rob Walton (representing the family interest of the founder) who works as the Chairman of the Board. The Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer slot presents a hybrid governance role which combines operational leadership and executive leadership. There is also the President & CEO position which embodies the management unit of the company meant for the day-to-day running of the company. The history of leadership in Walmart can be attributed to the initiative taken by Sam Walton (924). The risks and entrepreneurial decisions taken by Sam Walton to invest in the discount retailing concept and grow such idea. Sam Waltons leadership philosophy has been instituted and deeply rooted in the relationship between members of the company. The concept encourages leaders to treat employees as partners, build for the future, learn from failures and involve all stakeholders in decision making processes (923). These soft leadership ideas became the foundation for the building of the organizational culture in Walmart. Other ideas from Sam Walton like the careful use of resources, collective systems of attainment of results, innovation, motivation, involvement of associates (Management by Walking Around) and good communication skills form the crux of the atmosphere of Walmart. Disciplined expansion: This is one of the most remarkable strategic decisions that the management of Walmart took. The backward expansion concept utilized very disciplined techniques and systems to ensure that they opened up stores in the suburbs and out smaller areas of each state. As the demand in these stores grew, they expanded into the city center and this ensured that they survived and remain profitable. Strong Marketing structures: Also, the management of Walmart must be credited with their ability to put together a great marketing strategy and structures to ensure that consumers remained interested in Walmart. Expansion of the